Which flavor profile component is primarily associated with malted barley?

Malted barley primarily contributes to the earthy flavor profile in bourbon and other whiskies. This earthy note arises from the natural characteristics of barley and the malting process, during which the grains are soaked, germinated, and dried. This process enhances the grain's inherent flavors, leading to rich, robust notes that can be described as earthy.

While other flavor profile components can arise from different grains and fermentation processes, such as spicy notes from rye, nutty flavors from certain grains or barrel influences, and fruity characteristics often linked to esters during fermentation, the distinct and dominant profile tied specifically to malted barley is best represented by the earthy component. This makes it an integral part of understanding and appreciating the flavor profiles of spirits made from malted barley.