How does the climate affect the aging of bourbon?

The aging of bourbon is significantly influenced by climate, particularly through temperature fluctuations, which play a critical role in how the spirit interacts with the wood of the barrel. When temperatures rise, the bourbon expands and seeps deeper into the charred wood, allowing it to extract flavors, color, and compounds from the wood. As temperatures cool, the bourbon contracts, pulling some of that flavor back out. This cycle of expansion and contraction enhances the flavor profile, contributing complexity and richness to the final product.

In regions with a greater variation in temperature throughout the year, this cyclical movement can stimulate more pronounced interaction between the bourbon and the barrel, resulting in a richer and more nuanced flavor. Therefore, understanding the impact of temperature fluctuations provides insight into why certain bourbons may taste differently based on their geographic aging conditions.

Humidity, while it does have an effect on the aging process — particularly in terms of the evaporation of alcohol versus water — is not the primary factor affecting flavor absorption, making the consideration of temperature changes paramount in the aging process.